Similar vehicles usually range between 53 and 74
State Title Brand
Auction Brand / Issues
Accident / Damage
Open Recall Check
Insurance Loss / Transfer
Odometer Check
Last reported odometer: 103,988 (09/05/2025)
Certified Pre-Owned
Service / Repair
16 Service Record(s) Reported
Additional History
Lien Reported
This vehicle is eligible for Buyback Protection
Due to the vehicle’s history showing no reported major state title brands. Terms & Conditions
Accident & DamageBack To Top
Airbag Deployed
Structural Damage
Overturned
Minor
| Damage Date | Damage Type | Severity |
|---|---|---|
| 12/23/2021 | Collision | Minor |
| 03/07/2022 | Collision | Minor |
Accident or damage event(s) have been reported for this vehicle to Experian AutoCheck. An inspection may provide added confidence in the vehicle's condition before purchase.
Service History
Back To Top
Service History Summary
Below is a summary of services that have been reported for this vehicle. Please note that not all maintenance events are reported to Experian AutoCheck.
Regular Oil Changes
Information not available.
Fluids Maintained
Information not available.
Brakes Maintained
- 3 brake pad replacements
- Brake last maintained on 08/28/2019
Tires Maintained
Information not available.
A/C & Climate Control
- 1 A/C services reported
- A/C system last serviced 04/24/2015
Other Services
- Battery replaced on 03/02/2017
OEM Recommended Services
100000 Mile Service
- Brake Fluid Exchange
- Check and correct all tires pressures including spare
- Check and correct brake fluid level
110000 Mile Service Not Yet Due
- Check and correct all tires pressures including spare
- Check and correct brake fluid level
- Check and record thickness of brake pads front & rear
Odometer CheckBack To Top
No odometer brands, rollbacks, rollover or tampering has been reported to AutoCheck from state Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or auction sources. AutoCheck also examined the sequence of reported odometer readings to determine if there are any potential discrepancies.
No issues reported
No issues reported
No issues reported
Detailed Vehicle History Back To Top
Vehicle: 2012 Mercedes-Benz E-Class E 550 (WDDKK7DF8CF168065) Report Run Date: 04/04/2026 09:24:45 EDT
| Event Date | Location | Odometer | Data Source | Details | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 05/14/2012 | DALLAS, TX | Service Record | Vehicle Serviced |
| Event Date | Location | Odometer | Data Source | Details | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 06/07/2012 | PLANO, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle) | ||
| 06/22/2012 | SOUTHLAKE, TX | 16 | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Title(Lien Reported) | |
| 06/01/2013 | PLANO, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 04/12/2014 | PLANO, TX | 6,430 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 06/01/2014 | PLANO, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle) | ||
| 04/24/2015 | PLANO, TX | 13,648 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 04/24/2015 | DALLAS, TX | Service Record |
Heat or Air Conditioning Serviced Emission System Serviced Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Recommended Maintenance Performed Wipers Replaced And/Or Serviced Brakes Serviced Lights or Signals Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed |
||
| 05/28/2015 | DALLAS, TX | Service Record | Vehicle Serviced | ||
| 06/17/2015 | DALLAS, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle) | ||
| 07/02/2015 | DALLAS, TX | 13,650 | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Title(Leased Vehicle)(Lien Reported) | |
| 02/02/2016 | DALLAS, TX | 17,904 | Service Record |
Vehicle Interior Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed |
|
| 05/03/2016 | DALLAS, TX | 19,405 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 06/01/2016 | DALLAS, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle) | ||
| 03/02/2017 | DALLAS, TX | 25,444 | Service Record |
Battery Serviced or Replaced Recommended Maintenance Performed Wipers Replaced And/Or Serviced Starting or Charging System Service Performed |
|
| 03/03/2017 | DALLAS, TX | 25,452 | Service Record | Vehicle Serviced | |
| 04/27/2017 | DALLAS, TX | 26,556 | Service Record |
Emission System Serviced Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Tires or Wheels Service Performed |
|
| 04/29/2017 | DALLAS, TX | 26,556 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 06/01/2017 | DALLAS, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle) | ||
| 01/23/2018 | DALLAS, TX | Park Place Motorcars Dallas 214.736.5753 |
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Detailed Brakes Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed |
||
| 01/23/2018 | DALLAS, TX | Service Record | Wipers Replaced And/Or Serviced | ||
| 05/04/2018 | DALLAS, TX | 32,838 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 06/01/2018 | DALLAS, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle) | ||
| 04/03/2019 | DALLAS, TX | 38,758 | Park Place Motorcars Dallas 214.736.5753 |
Emission System Serviced Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Vehicle Detailed Tires or Wheels Service Performed |
|
| 04/03/2019 | DALLAS, TX | Service Record | Vehicle Interior Serviced | ||
| 04/04/2019 | DALLAS, TX | 38,758 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 05/13/2019 | DALLAS, TX | 39,653 | Park Place Motorcars Dallas 214.736.5753 |
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Vehicle Detailed |
|
| 05/13/2019 | DALLAS, TX | 39,653 | Service Record | Tires or Wheels Service Performed | |
| 06/01/2019 | DALLAS, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle) | ||
| 08/28/2019 | DALLAS, TX | 41,777 | Park Place Motorcars Dallas 214.736.5753 |
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Vehicle Detailed Drive Line Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed |
|
| 08/28/2019 | DALLAS, TX | 41,777 | Service Record | Brakes Serviced | |
| 04/08/2020 | DALLAS, TX | 45,007 | Service Record |
Air Bag Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed |
|
| 04/24/2020 | DALLAS, TX | 45,347 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 06/01/2020 | DALLAS, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle) | ||
| 11/10/2020 | TX | 49,730 | Auto Auction | Reported at Auto Auction | |
| 11/12/2020 | DALLAS, TX | 49,739 † | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 12/11/2020 | ADDISON, TX | Dealer Record | Vehicle in Dealer Inventory |
| Event Date | Location | Odometer | Data Source | Details | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12/15/2020 | KELLER, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 12/23/2020 | KELLER, TX | 49,736 | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Title(Lien Reported) | |
| 11/13/2021 | KELLER, TX | 63,301 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 12/01/2021 | KELLER, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 12/23/2021 | RICHARDSON, TX | Accident Source | Minor Accident or Vehicle Damage Reported: RIGHT REAR CORNER |
|
|
| 03/07/2022 | DALLAS, TX | 68,275 | Damage Report |
Accident or Damage Reported Minor Damage Reported |
|
| 06/29/2022 | KELLER, TX | 71,150 † | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 07/21/2022 | KELLER, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Title(Lien Reported) |
| Event Date | Location | Odometer | Data Source | Details | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 08/18/2022 | DENTON, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 08/26/2022 | DENTON, TX | 71,149 | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Title | |
| 07/28/2023 | DENTON, TX | 85,500 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
|
| 08/01/2023 | DENTON, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 05/06/2024 | ONLINE DEALER | 93,950 | Dealer Listing | Vehicle Listed for Sale | |
| 05/07/2024 | DENTON, TX | 93,953 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
| Event Date | Location | Odometer | Data Source | Details | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 08/26/2024 | KELLER, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 09/03/2024 | KELLER, TX | 93,955 | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Title | |
| 07/30/2025 | KELLER, TX | 102,686 | Independent Emission Source |
Passed Emission Inspection Passed Safety Inspection |
| Event Date | Location | Odometer | Data Source | Details | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 08/28/2025 | AZLE, TX | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 09/05/2025 | AZLE, TX | 103,988 | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Title |
† This odometer reading is inconsistent with the odometer history. This could be due to a typographical, clerical, or rounding error and does not necessarily represent an odometer rollback by itself. If we receive additional odometer history that corroborates an odometer rollback, this display may change and that may impact other aspects of this report and the vehicle's qualifications.
Event Date - 05/14/2012
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Vehicle Serviced
† This odometer reading is inconsistent with the odometer history. This could be due to a typographical, clerical, or rounding error and does not necessarily represent an odometer rollback by itself. If we receive additional odometer history that corroborates an odometer rollback, this display may change and that may impact other aspects of this report and the vehicle's qualifications.
Event Date - 06/07/2012
Location - PLANO, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle)
Event Date - 06/22/2012
Location - SOUTHLAKE, TX
Odometer - 16
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Title(Lien Reported)
Event Date - 06/01/2013
Location - PLANO, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 04/12/2014
Location - PLANO, TX
Odometer - 6,430
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 06/01/2014
Location - PLANO, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle)
Event Date - 04/24/2015
Location - PLANO, TX
Odometer - 13,648
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 04/24/2015
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Heat or Air Conditioning Serviced
Emission System Serviced
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Wipers Replaced And/Or Serviced
Brakes Serviced
Lights or Signals Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 05/28/2015
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Vehicle Serviced
Event Date - 06/17/2015
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle)
Event Date - 07/02/2015
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 13,650
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Title(Leased Vehicle)(Lien Reported)
Event Date - 02/02/2016
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 17,904
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Vehicle Interior Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 05/03/2016
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 19,405
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 06/01/2016
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle)
Event Date - 03/02/2017
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 25,444
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Battery Serviced or Replaced
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Wipers Replaced And/Or Serviced
Starting or Charging System Service Performed
Event Date - 03/03/2017
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 25,452
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Vehicle Serviced
Event Date - 04/27/2017
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 26,556
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Emission System Serviced
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 04/29/2017
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 26,556
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 06/01/2017
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle)
Event Date - 01/23/2018
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Park Place Motorcars Dallas 214.736.5753
Details -
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Detailed
Brakes Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 01/23/2018
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Wipers Replaced And/Or Serviced
Event Date - 05/04/2018
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 32,838
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 06/01/2018
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle)
Event Date - 04/03/2019
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 38,758
Data Source - Park Place Motorcars Dallas 214.736.5753
Details -
Emission System Serviced
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Vehicle Detailed
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 04/03/2019
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Vehicle Interior Serviced
Event Date - 04/04/2019
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 38,758
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 05/13/2019
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 39,653
Data Source - Park Place Motorcars Dallas 214.736.5753
Details -
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Vehicle Detailed
Event Date - 05/13/2019
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 39,653
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 06/01/2019
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle)
Event Date - 08/28/2019
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 41,777
Data Source - Park Place Motorcars Dallas 214.736.5753
Details -
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Vehicle Detailed
Drive Line Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 08/28/2019
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 41,777
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Brakes Serviced
Event Date - 04/08/2020
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 45,007
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Air Bag Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 04/24/2020
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 45,347
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 06/01/2020
Location - DALLAS, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal(Leased Vehicle)
Event Date - 11/10/2020
Location - TX
Odometer - 49,730
Data Source - Auto Auction
Details -
Reported at Auto Auction
Event Date - 11/12/2020
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 49,739 †
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 12/11/2020
Location - ADDISON, TX
Data Source - Dealer Record
Details -
Vehicle in Dealer Inventory
† This odometer reading is inconsistent with the odometer history. This could be due to a typographical, clerical, or rounding error and does not necessarily represent an odometer rollback by itself. If we receive additional odometer history that corroborates an odometer rollback, this display may change and that may impact other aspects of this report and the vehicle's qualifications.
Event Date - 12/15/2020
Location - KELLER, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 12/23/2020
Location - KELLER, TX
Odometer - 49,736
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Title(Lien Reported)
Event Date - 11/13/2021
Location - KELLER, TX
Odometer - 63,301
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 12/01/2021
Location - KELLER, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date -
12/23/2021
Location - RICHARDSON, TX
Data Source - Accident Source
Details -
Minor Accident or Vehicle Damage Reported: RIGHT REAR CORNER
Event Date -
03/07/2022
Location - DALLAS, TX
Odometer - 68,275
Data Source - Damage Report
Details -
Accident or Damage Reported
Minor Damage Reported
Event Date - 06/29/2022
Location - KELLER, TX
Odometer - 71,150 †
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 07/21/2022
Location - KELLER, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Title(Lien Reported)
† This odometer reading is inconsistent with the odometer history. This could be due to a typographical, clerical, or rounding error and does not necessarily represent an odometer rollback by itself. If we receive additional odometer history that corroborates an odometer rollback, this display may change and that may impact other aspects of this report and the vehicle's qualifications.
Event Date - 08/18/2022
Location - DENTON, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 08/26/2022
Location - DENTON, TX
Odometer - 71,149
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Title
Event Date - 07/28/2023
Location - DENTON, TX
Odometer - 85,500
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
Event Date - 08/01/2023
Location - DENTON, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 05/06/2024
Location - ONLINE DEALER
Odometer - 93,950
Data Source - Dealer Listing
Details -
Vehicle Listed for Sale
Event Date - 05/07/2024
Location - DENTON, TX
Odometer - 93,953
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
† This odometer reading is inconsistent with the odometer history. This could be due to a typographical, clerical, or rounding error and does not necessarily represent an odometer rollback by itself. If we receive additional odometer history that corroborates an odometer rollback, this display may change and that may impact other aspects of this report and the vehicle's qualifications.
Event Date - 08/26/2024
Location - KELLER, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 09/03/2024
Location - KELLER, TX
Odometer - 93,955
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Title
Event Date - 07/30/2025
Location - KELLER, TX
Odometer - 102,686
Data Source - Independent Emission Source
Details -
Passed Emission Inspection
Passed Safety Inspection
† This odometer reading is inconsistent with the odometer history. This could be due to a typographical, clerical, or rounding error and does not necessarily represent an odometer rollback by itself. If we receive additional odometer history that corroborates an odometer rollback, this display may change and that may impact other aspects of this report and the vehicle's qualifications.
Event Date - 08/28/2025
Location - AZLE, TX
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 09/05/2025
Location - AZLE, TX
Odometer - 103,988
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Title
† This odometer reading is inconsistent with the odometer history. This could be due to a typographical, clerical, or rounding error and does not necessarily represent an odometer rollback by itself. If we receive additional odometer history that corroborates an odometer rollback, this display may change and that may impact other aspects of this report and the vehicle's qualifications.
More information is available in the full AutoCheck glossary.
Term - State Title Brand
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - A "branded title" is an official designation assigned by a state agency to associate a particular history with a vehicle. The branding system was put in place to warn potential owners about damage or other alterations to a vehicle that they might otherwise have been unaware of. The brands checked in this section are Fire, Hail, Flood, Junk/Scrapped, Lemon, Salvage, Rebuilt/Rebuildable, Odometer Brands (not actual miles, broken odometer, exceeding mechanical limits, mileage discrepancy, or suspect miles). Please note Grey Market and Insurance Loss or Theft brands are not checked in this box and can be found on other corresponding boxes.
Term - Auction Issue
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This section summarizes any issues if reported such as damage condition from seller's disclosure or during the inspection process including required structural damage disclosure, title brands, odometer issues, etc. as outlined by the National Auction Automotive Association Arbitration Policy 2025.
Term - Accident/Damage Check
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This section summarizes vehicle history events that may indicate an accident or damage and associated details such as point of impact, severity or airbag deployed if provided. These damage events will include collision damage information, police-reported accidents, salvage auction, recycler records, crash test vehicles, collision damage claims etc. including our exclusive auction announcements from two major auctions that may include damage events. There is also a clearly delineated section that includes non-collision damage events such as fire, hail or flood. Damage-indicated title brands will be in the state title brands section.
Term - Insurance Loss/Title Transfer
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This box checked to see if there is an insurance total loss or if a title has been transferred to an insurance company name as that event usually signifies that it is a total loss when showing after an accident.
Term - Additional History
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This section lists any other significant events that may not be a damage event or brand, but does give additional insights of the vehicle's history. These include abandoned, grey market, lien check, repossessed, theft etc.
Term - Odometer Check
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This section verifies if there are rollbacks, rollover or tampering has been reported to AutoCheck from state Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or auction sources. AutoCheck also examined the sequence of reported odometer readings to determine if there are any potential discrepancies.
Term - Loan/Lien
Section Location - Additional History
Definition - A loan/lien is the legal right to take and hold or sell the vehicle of a debtor as security or payment for a debt. Normally, a vehicle will have a lien due to a loan or unpaid repair bill against the vehicle. Check with the seller to ensure that the lien has been satisfied.
Term - Lease Use
Section Location - Owner Type
Definition - Vehicle was registered as lease vehicle.
Term - Accident
Section Location - Accident / Damage
Definition - A state or municipality has reported an accident or collision for this vehicle that may or may not have sustained damage. Not all damage events are reported to AutoCheck and the damage severity of reported events will vary. In all events AutoCheck recommends that prospective vehicle purchasers conduct a detailed vehicle inspection prior to purchase of a pre-owned vehicle.